Twenty Years at Hull-House

Addams, Jane, New York: Macmillan Company, 1981. Addams recounts her experiences during her residence in a settlement house in Chicago’s West Side slums from 1889 to 1909. In her account, she emphasizes the importance of providing for the physical, spiritual, educational, and cultural needs of the poor people in the surrounding neighborhoods.

The Responsibilities of Wealth

Burlingame, Dwight F., ed., Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1992. A collection of articles on the responsibilities of the wealthy people toward philanthropy, from Andrew Carnegie to Robert Payton, and discussing Jane Addams and others.

Habits of the Heart: Individualism and Commitment in American Life

Bellah, Robert N. et al, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985. An analysis of two hundred interviews with middle class Americans to examine their pursuit of the good life. The authors discuss an increasing individualism and self-interest and a lack of a language to describe what makes people happy. They then present involvement in voluntary organizations as a way to mediate the harm of individualism and to enjoy the good life.

American Philanthropy

Bremner, Robert H, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988. A social history of American philanthropy from colonial times to the present, examining such fields as religion, education, humanitarian reform, social service, war relief, and foreign aid.

The Politics of Philanthropy: Abraham Flexner and Medical Education

Wheatley, Steven C., University of Wisconsin Press, 1988. Examines the influence of private philanthropy on public policy and social action, using Abraham Flexner, who worked for the Carnegie and Rockefeller foundations, as an example in his influence on medical education.

Capacity for Change? The Nonprofit World in the Age of Devolution

Burlingame, Dwight F. et al, Indianapolis: Indiana Center on Philanthropy, 1996. A collection of essays that discuss the impact of decreased government funding for nonprofits, or the increased reliance on nonprofits to do government’s work, on the nonprofit sector. Discusses the possible impacts of this movement and potential nonprofit responses.

Corporate Philanthropy at the Crossroads

Burlingame, Dwight F. and Dennis R. Young, eds, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1996. Organizes the discussion of corporate philanthropy into four areas: (I) neo- classical/corporate productivity model, (2) ethical/altruistic model, (3) political model, (4) stakeholder model. A variety of perspectives examine the implications of current trends as well as suggestions for the future of corporate philanthropy. Examines volunteerism, firm size, business performance, power, and ethics.

The Gospel of Wealth

Carnegie, Andrew, Indianapolis: Indiana University Center on Philanthropy, 1993. Originally published in 1889, Carnegie discusses the proper administration of wealth and the best fields for philanthropy. He encourages philanthropists to give away their fortunes during their lifetimes, not after they die. He suggests a ranked order of causes including universities, libraries, hospitals and medical laboratories, public parks, meeting halls, and churches.

Democracy in America

DeToqueville, Alexis, New York: Harper & Row, 1966. Presents a French visitor’s view of America in the early 1800’s, from its geographic features to its government, to the people’s deep involvement in associations and politics. DeToqueville discusses a comparative perspective between Europe and the United States, emphasizing the uniqueness of the American experiment in democracy.

Nonprofit Organizations: Cases and Materials

Fishman, James J. and Schwarz, Stephen, New York: The Foundation Press, Inc., 1995. A comprehensive text on laws affecting nonprofits. Presents and discusses a variety of cases related to tax-exempt organizations, their trustees and directors, and their donors.

Inventing the Nonprofit Sector and Other Essays on Philanthropy, Voluntarism, and Nonprofit Organizations

Hall, Peter Dobkin, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992. Analyzes the development of America’s fastest growing institutional sector. Examines the public perception of nonprofits, their structure, and the consequences of that structure for management and public policy. He discusses the difficulties of research on the nonprofit sector as well as thoughts on the future of the sector .

Effective Fund-Raising Management

Kelly, Kathleen S, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., 1998. An academic text outlining the practice of fund-raising including programs, processes, and publics. Topics include historical, organizational, legal, ethical, and theoretical contexts of annual giving, major gifts, planned giving, capital campaigns, and donors.

The Politics of Knowledge: The Carnegie Corporation, Philanthropy, and Public Policy

Lagemann, Ellen Condliffe, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995. A history of the Carnegie Corporation, a foundation created to give a way Andrew Carnegie’s fortune from its founding in 1911 to the present. The corporation moved through scientific, cultural, and strategic philanthropy phases It was criticized for promoting the white, middle-class culture in the United States.

Heart of Altruism: Perceptions of a Common Humanity

Monroe, Kristen Renwick, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996. Explores the causes of altruism using an analysis of interviews with philanthropists, entrepreneurs, heroes, and rescuers of Jews in Nazi Europe. Monroe sketches a hierarchy of levels of altruism, and suggests that altruists have a somewhat different way of viewing the world, although they don’t feel much different than everyone else.

The Third America: The Emergence of the Nonprofit Sector in the United States

O’Neil, Michael, Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1989. Identifies and discusses several major nonprofit sub-sectors-religion, private education, health care, and others. Discusses the social influence of each of the nonprofit sub-sectors on American business, government, and society. Provides insights into the direction, growth, and role of the third sector during the next 25 years.

Philanthropy: Voluntary Action for the Public Good

Payton, Robert L, Oryx Press, 1988. Presents Payton’s reflections on the place of voluntary action, association, and giving in American life First, Payton explores the variety of philanthropic experiences in America and defines the boundaries of the philanthropic tradition Then, moving from theory to practice and back, he explores the most important problems and issues in philanthropy.

The Nonprofit Sector A Research Handbook

Powell, Walton, ed., New Haven Yale University Press, 1987. An extensive, empirically-based overview of the nonprofit sector including many tables, figures, and references as a guideline for a basic understanding of the sector Includes articles from a variety of experts on the scope of the sector, its relationship with the state and private enterprise, and processes within the sector and within nonprofit organizations.

The Return of Civil Society: The Emergence of Democratic Spain

Perez-Diaz, Victor M, Cambridge Harvard University Press, 1993. Examines the transition of Spain from a pre-industrial economy with an authoritarian government to a modem, democratic state with a market society and voluntary associations such as trade unions and political parties Discusses both broad reflection on relations between the state and civil society and empirical analysis of the Church, the economy, the workers, and the unions in Spain.

Making Democracy Work Civic Traditions in Modern Italy

Putnam, Robert, Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1993. A 20-year, thoroughly empirical study of the development of regional government in Italy from 1970-1990 Putnam examines why some regions were more successful than others in developing the social networks that make up a civil society. Contrasting the North with the South, he includes the history of these regions back to early medieval times in his analysis.

Giving: Western Ideas of Philanthropy

Schneewind, JB., ed., Bloomington Indiana University Press, 1996. A collection of articles on the a variety of conceptions of charity and philanthropy, from the middle ages to Victorian England, and including both African-American and International perspectives Discusses ways we understand charity and how we come to these understandings.

Private Wealth and Public Life: Foundation Philanthropy and the Reshaping of American Social Policy from the Progressive Era to the New Deal

Sealander, Judith, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1997. A historical analysis of seven major foundations during the early 1900’s, primarily from 1903 to 1932. Discusses ways these large foundations attempted to influence public social policy. Although their agendas sometimes became policy, often they did not, but these institutions helped expand the American role in providing social services.

The Idea of Civil Society

Seligman, Adam B., Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992. Discusses the intellectual history of the concept of civil society for over two thousand years. After examining the input of Hume, Kant, Hegel, Marx, Durkheim, and Weber , the author outlines the idea’s history and influence in America.

Entrusted: The Moral Responsibilities of Trusteeship

Smith, David H., Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1995. Discusses reasons why trustees are the best way to govern a nonprofit organization-especially that trusteeship is a moral matter. Then examines the major duties of trustees, their common problems, how they should be related to the rest of the organization, and the prime virtues of a trustee.

Nonprofits for Hire: The Welfare State in the Age of Contracting

Smith, Steven Ratgeb, and Michael Lipsky, London: Harvard University Press, 1993. As government increasingly uses nonprofits to perform its services by funding voluntary organizations, nonprofits may be increasingly responsive to government priorities, not their local communities. Smith and Lipsky discuss the potential problems and costs involved in contracting, and encourage government to reform current procedures.

Thick and Thin: Moral Argument at Home and Abroad

Walzer, Michael. Indiana:’ University of Notre Dame Press, 1994. In a set of arguments about justice, social criticism, and nationalist politics, Walzer describes two kinds of interrelated moral argument. Thick arguments entail our own history and culture here at home, and thinner ones that provide a way of talking about people abroad, recognizing the aspects of our life that we have in common.

The Nonprofit Economy

Weisbrod, Burton A., Harvard University Press, 1988. Weisbrod presents the nonprofit sector as a provider of services that are not adequately provided by public or private firms. After emphasizing the overlap among the sectors, he presents a “collectiveness index” as a gauge of an organization’s external social benefit. He argues that current policies governing thee nonprofit sector are inadequate because of their lack of empirical bases.

The Shadow State: Government and Voluntary Sector in Transition

Wolch, Jennifer R., New York: The Foundation Center, 1990. The “shadow state” refers to voluntary organizations outside the political system which receive government funds, and are still subject to some state control. Wolch develops a theory which maps the new, changed terrain between the state and the voluntary sector and examines implications of the new interactions between government and nonprofits.

Patterns of Generosity in America: Who’s Holding the Safety Net?

Wolpert, Julian, New York: The Twentieth Century Fund Press, 1993. A thorough discussion of American generosity and the effects of decentralizing government programs. It provides a historical perspective as well as an analysis of the effects of decentralization upon and within the nonprofit sector.

Acts of Compassion: Caring for Others and Helping Ourselves

Wuthnow, Robert, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1991. Relying heavily on evidence from surveys and interviews, Wuthnow attempts to unravel the paradox of extensive voluntarism and compassion in an American society which highly values individualism, and self-interest. He discusses the languages of compassion, the importance of faith, the limits of caring, and compassion in context of the larger society.

The Gift: Imagination and the Erotic Life of Property

Hyde, Lewis, New York: Vintage Books, 1993. A work of literary anthropology which addresses our spiritual and emotional sides, showing how the ” commerce of the creative spirit” functions in the lives of artists and the culture as a whole.

Virtuous Giving: Philanthropy, Voluntary Service, and Caring

Martin, Mike W, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1994. Explores the philosophic basis of philanthropic giving, including a unifying definition of philanthropy and a discussion of the virtues and their role in everyday philanthropy.

Wealthy and Wise: How you and American Can Get the Most Out of Your Giving

Rosenberg, Claude Jr., New York: Little, Brown and Company, 1994. A guide which demonstrates how to get the most out of donation dollars, solving pressing problems and getting a sound personal investment at the same time. Includes a variety of tables and concrete examples.

Reinventing Your Board: A Step-by-Step Guide to Implementing Policy Governance

Carver, John, and Miriam Mayhew Carver, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1997. A hands-on guide to putting the Policy Governance model to work and keeping boards on track. Includes a variety of practical instructions and exercises to help nonprofit boards improve.

Who Benefits from the Nonprofit Sector?

Clotfelter, Charles T., ed., Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992. Examines how the benefits from each of the major elements of the nonprofit sector are distributed across various economic classes, including health services, educational institutions, religious organizations, arts organizations, and foundations.

Nonprofit Organizations in a Market Economy: Understanding New Roles, Issues, and Trends

Hamack, David D., and Dennis R. Young, eds., San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1993. Examines the ways nonprofits act in the market–buying and selling goods and services. Contributors discuss history, economics, and other disciplines to address nonprofit participation in markets, including regulation and other issues.

Executive Leadership in Nonprofit Organizations: New Strategies for Shaping Executive-Board Dynamics

Herman, Robert D., and Richard D. Heirnovics, San Francisco: Jossey- Bass, 1991. Based on studies of chief executives in nonprofit organizations, the authors discuss skills and strategies that distinguish the most successful nonprofit leaders, including suggestions for establishing strong relationships with the board.

The Jossey-Bass Handbook of Nonprofit Leadership and Management

Hennann, Robert D., et al., San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1994. Offers practical, comprehensive advice on managing nonprofit organizations from a variety of experts. Topics include board development, strategic planning, lobbying, marketing, fund-raising, finances, compensation, and risk management.

Governing Boards

Houle, Cyril 0., San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1990. Based on his personal experience in over thirty boards, Houle provides guidance on improving the effectiveness of governing boards in nonprofit and public organizations. Includes some history and discussion as well as many practical suggestions.

Economics for Nonprofit Managers

Young, Dennis R. and Richard Steinberg, The Foundation Center, 1995. The first introductory economics textbook intended primarily for nonprofit management students. The text introduces the basics of micro economics, using examples from the nonprofit world. It also examines the role of nonprofits in addressing the problems of market failure.

Poverty and Compassion: The Moral Imagination of the Late Victorians

Himmelfarb, Gertrude, Vintage Books, 1992.

Vividly describes the attitudes toward the poor and giving of the Late Victorians. Himmelfarb also compares these attitudes to current trends to illustrate some of the striking roots of our ideas toward philanthropy.

Women’s Culture: American Philanthropy and Art, 1830-1930

McCarthy, Kathleen, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1991.

A history of Women’s involvement in the male-dominated visual arts, their struggles to obtain influence and recognition, and their pioneering efforts to create specialized nonprofit institutions on the family and church scale.

Lady Bountiful Revisited: Women, Philanthropy, and Power

McCarthy, Kathleen, ed., London: Rutgers University Press, 1990.

A variety of authors present a historical perspective on women in philanthropy both within the United states, and especially internationally. Many perspectives examine charitable efforts of minorities within the United States.

The Poor in the Middle Ages: An essay in Social History

Mollat, Michel, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1986.

A comprehensive study of the poor from 400 to 1400A.D. Discusses ways people viewed the poor and describes the poor themselves during this time period.

Natural Allies: Womens Associations in American History

Scott, Anne Firor, University of Illinois Press, 1992.

From the late 1700’s to the late 1900’s, Scott presents a thoroughly researched discussion of women’s voluntary associations in America.

From Poor Law to Welfare State: A History of Social Welfare in America

Trattner, Walter I, New York: The Free Press, 1984.

A panoramic view of social welfare in the U .S. from the colonial era to the present, including the development of the public health, child welfare, and mental health movements. It also discusses the impact of public policies on social workers and other helping professionals.

The Transformation of Charity in Post-revolutionary New England

Wright, Conrad Edick, Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1992.

Describes the rapid growth in the number of charitable organizations in New England from 1780 to 1820, emphasizing that this “charitable revolution” stemmed from efforts to imitate the English, not to fill a need.

Prosocial Behavior

Clark, Margaret S., ed., London: Sage Publications, 1991. A sociological and psychological analysis of altruism and its implications in human behavior. Examines factors such as mood, history, anthropology, relationships, and others.

The Call of Service: A Witness to Idealism

Coles, Robert, New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1993. Examines the individual urge toward idealistic action, and why it is so necessary to each of us and to society .Discusses the motives of a volunteers in a variety of situations.

The Spirit of Community: Rights, Responsibilities and the Communitarian Agenda

Etzioni, Amitai, Crown Publishers, 1993. Encouraging Americans to move from me to we, Etzioni proposes a new balance between our rights as individuals and our social responsibilities. Calls for a revival of the idea that small sacrifices by individuals can create large benefits for all of us.

The Commons: New Perspectives on Nonprofit Organizations and Voluntary Action

Lohmann, Roger A., San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1992. Sets forth a theoretical framework for understanding and describing the social, economic, and political structures and processes that stimulate the growth of nonprofit organizations and encourage voluntary action. “The Commons” is essentially the nonprofit sector.

Selfishness, Altruism & Rationality: A Theory of Social Change

Margolis, Howard. Selfishness, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982. Using extensive economic-type models, Margolis argues that we have two selves: one group oriented, and one selfish. He uses this theory to explain why we volunteer, give, or even vote when our individual contribution may be negligible.

Democratizing Development: The Role of Voluntary Organizations

Clark, John, West Hartford: Kumarian Press, 1990. Focusing primarily on Africa, Clark discusses the development and impact of non- governmental organizations and their relationship with governments. Includes the conclusion to think locally and act globally.

The Road From Rio: Sustainable Development and the Nongovernmental Movement in the Third World

Fisher, Julie, London: Prager Publishers, 1993. A carefully-researched look at non-governmental organizations in the developing world, especially Latin America. Differentiates between the true grassroots movements and well-intentioned grass roots of outsiders.

Non-Governments: NGOs and the Political Development of the Third World

Fisher, Julie, West Hartford: Kumarian Press, 1998. Discusses NGOs in relation to civil society, political government, and government policies. Investigates the impact of NGOs on governments, and the impacts of modernization and political development on societies.

The Nonprofit Sector in International Perspective: Studies in Comparative Culture and Policy

James, Estelle, ed. , New York: Oxford University Press, 1989. Discusses the factors which induce governments to contribute substantial resources to nonprofit institutions, and the problems these subsidies create. A collection of essays from a variety of international government and nonprofit scholars.

The Nonprofit Sector in the Global Community: Voices from Many Nations

McCarthy, Kathleen D., et al, eds., San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1992. Examines the significance and functions of the nonprofit sector in modern developed democracies, Eastern Europe, the Soviet Union, and developing countries worldwide. Also discusses comparisons among several of these countries in a global society.

The Global Associational Revolution: The Rise of the Third Sector on the World Scene

Salamon, Lester M., The Johns Hopkins University Occasional Paper Series, No. 15, Baltimore: Shriver Hall, April 1993. Examines the processes and causes that have given rise to the striking growth of a global nonprofit sector. Also explores some of the implications that flow from these developments for both public and private action.

Between States and markets: The Voluntary Sector in Comparative Perspective

Wuthnow, Robert, ed., Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1991. A variety of authors examines the primary aspects of voluntary associations in Britain, West Germany, Sweden, France, Italy, Israel, Japan, and the United States, including a comparative view of these countries by Wuthnow.

Money Matters: Personal giving in American Churches

Hoge, Dean R., et al., Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 1996. The findings of a large study of why, what and how people give to different denominations, including Assemblies of God, Southern Baptist, Roman Catholic, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, and Presbyterian.

When the Bottom Line is Faithfulness: Management of Christian Service Organizations

Jeavons, Thomas H., Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1994. Explores the special requirements for management and leadership in Christina social service organizations, and proposes ways these requirements can be met.

The Catholic Philanthropic Tradition in America

Oates, Mary J., Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1995. An analysis of the history of Catholic Philanthropy in America, from its roots in individual charity to its growth into a large organizational network of social services.

Behind Stained Glass Windows: Money Dynamics in the Church

Ronsvalle, John, and Silvia Ronsvalle, Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Books, 1996. A study of religious giving in American congregations which compares a variety of denominations’ giving patterns and attitudes and actions toward money. Also gives suggestions for rethinking money issues in the church.

Faith and Philanthropy in America

Wuthnow, Robert, Virginia A. Hodgkinson, et al., San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1990. A variety of authors examine the patterns of giving among members of major faith communities, including Roman Catholics, Jews, liberal Protestants, evangelicals, Mormons, and black Christians. Illuminates the major role of religion in social services.